Understanding and controlling the magnetic properties of nanoscale systems is crucial for the implementation of future data storage and computation paradigms. Here we show how the magnetic properties of individual atoms can be probed with a low-temperature, high-field scanning tunneling microscope when the atom is placed on a thin insulator. We find clear evidence of magnetic anisotropy in the spin excitation spectra of individual magnetic atoms embedded in a non-magnetic surface. In extended one-dimensional spin chains, which we build one atom at a time, we find strong spin-coupling into collective quantum-spins, even for the longest chains of length 3.5nm. The spectroscopic results can be understood with the model of spin-excitations in a system with antiferromagnetic coupling, controlled on the atomic scale. High-spin atoms can show an interesting form of the Kondo effect when the magnetic anisotropy places a degenerate, low-spin Kramers-doublet in the ground-state.
Understanding and controlling the magnetic properties of nanoscale systems is crucial for the implementation of future data storage and computation paradigms. Here we show how the magnetic properties of individual atoms can be probed with a low-temperature, high-field scanning tunneling microscope when the atom is placed on a thin insulator. We find clear evidence of magnetic anisotropy in the spin excitation spectra of individual magnetic atoms embedded in a non-magnetic surface. In extended one-dimensional spin chains, which we build one atom at a time, we find strong spin-coupling into collective quantum-spins, even for the longest chains of length 3.5nm. The spectroscopic results can be understood with the model of spin-excitations in a system with antiferromagnetic coupling, controlled on the atomic scale. High-spin atoms can show an interesting form of the Kondo effect when the magnetic anisotropy places a degenerate, low-spin Kramers-doublet in the ground-state.
